The Food We Eat

Food is more than nourishment. It's a source of pleasure — and guilt — and an agent of change. This episode, TED speakers explore our deep connection to food, and where it's headed.

This, from NPR

 

TED Radio Hour : NPR

Follow along and learn how we arrived at this place in the foods we eat, where we are guided by economics and marketing, 

Sanofi Genzyme, PerkinElmer to offer no-cost DNA testing for lysosomal storage disorders

Sanofi Genzyme and PerkinElmer Genomics have launched a free genetic testing program that aims to spot certain undiagnosed lysosomal storage disorders, while raising awareness of the group of rare diseases whose symptoms may initially be ascribed to more common ailments.

The Lantern Project will provide no-cost comprehensive diagnostic services and DNA-based blood testing in the U.S., targeting the tens of thousands of people that the companies estimate go undiagnosed for years at a time—with the goal of getting patients on-treatment faster and creating a larger market for rare disease drugs.

The project will begin with screening for Gaucher, Fabry and Pompe disease, as well as mucopolysaccharidosis type I and acid sphingomyelinase deficiency, which also known as Niemann-Pick disease.

Some underlying lysosomal storage disorders can take over 10 years and as different physicians before a proper diagnosis, with symptoms presenting as common diseases. (Darwin Laganzon)

It will also offer an enzyme panel for seven mucopolysaccharidoses, and a 105-gene next-generation sequencing panel for limb-girdle muscular dystrophies and other myopathies, in addition to diseases that may cause similar symptoms such as Pompe disease and spinal muscular atrophy.

"While we have seen many significant advances in research over the past 30-plus years, there are still tremendous challenges in helping patients get a diagnosis for many rare diseases,” said Sarah Gonzalez, head of medical diagnostics at Sanofi Genzyme.

For example, proper diagnoses of Gaucher disease can take 10 years or more, while late-onset Pompe disease—with symptoms including impaired cough, difficulty swallowing and persistent chest infections—can take an average of 16 years from symptom onset to the patient seeking treatment, according to Sanofi Genzyme.

Lysosomal storage disorders are inherited diseases resulting from defects in the enzymes that govern metabolic processes, such as the breakdown of large molecules within cells. These waste molecules accumulate, disrupt cell function and can lead to progressive organ damage. They can be frequently misdiagnosed, with a range of symptoms and disease progression from early childhood to late adulthood.

RELATED: Enzyvant and PerkinElmer to develop gene test for ultrarare Farber disease

The two companies hope genetic testing can help confirm diagnoses and advance patients to treatment faster. Sanofi Genzyme’s investigational pipeline includes olipudase alfa, which has received a breakthrough designation in acid sphingomyelinase deficiency and is in a phase 2/3 trial—as well as venglustat, which is being studied in Gaucher, Fabry and Parkinson’s disease, in addition to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Sanofi Genzyme also received approval for Lumizyme in Pompe disease.

Meanwhile, PerkinElmer teamed up with Roivant Sciences’ rare disease arm Enzyvant, to develop a genetic test for Farber disease that has fewer than 100 confirmed cases worldwide, according to the National Institutes of Health. The test aims to create a wider market for Enzyvant’s enzyme replacement therapy currently in preclinical studies, RVT 801, a recombinant form of acid ceramidase.

Read More OnMedTech Sanofi Genzyme, PerkinElmer to offer no-cost DNA testing for lysosomal storage disorders

MedTech Sanofi Genzyme, PerkinElmer to offer no-cost DNA testing for lysosomal storage disorders

Breast Cancer Wariness: Half Pursued by Debt Collectors

Staggering news !

Nearly half of a sample of American patients with metastatic breast cancer reported being pursued by debt collectors, according to a financial survey reported last week at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Quality Care Symposium (QCS) in Phoenix, Arizona.

The 1054-patient survey included individuals from 41 states; 49% reported contact from debt collectors related to cancer treatment bills.

"We found a very high level of debt collection," lead author Stephanie Wheeler, PhD, MPH, of the University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center in Chapel Hill, told Medscape Medical News.

This is a "staggering statistic on financial toxicity in cancer care," commented Nate Handley, MD, MBA, of the Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson University in Philadelphia, who attended the meeting and mentioned the study on Twitter.

The study participants were a mix of insured (n = 738) and uninsured (n = 316) patients.

Unsurprisingly, most of the uninsured patients (90%) were subject to debt collection. By contrast, only about one third of the insured patients were.

We found a very high level of debt collection. Dr Stephanie Wheeler

The survey did not explore the frequency of the collections contacts or the methods (eg, telephone calls, email, postal service). Wheeler explained: "Most of the time when debt collectors contact patients, they do it in multiple formats."

The survey also found that 54% of participants reported stopping or refusing treatment because of cost.

Unfortunately this is not confined to cancer patients. It is also common for many other chronic and potentially fatal outcomes.

Is there a possibility that medical debts should be excluded from collection methods.  Many physicians and/or hospitals will adjust off residual debt rather than pursuing debtors.

Alternative methods have been proposed for charitable organizations or groups to purchase debt for a markedly reduced amount, just as collection agencies purchase medical debt from providers and hospitals..

Should I pay a medical bill in collections?

Recent legislation has required FICO scores to be adjusted for medical debt.

FICO's new formula
FICO, the source of the score used by most lenders, said Thursday that it is rolling out a new formula called FICO Score 9. The new score will drop collection agency accounts that are paid off, whether paid in full or settled, FICO spokesman Anthony Sprauve said. It will also differentiate medical debt from other types of unpaid debt.

Under the new formula, the typical credit score of 711 should rise 25 points for people with medical debts but no other serious demerits on their credit record, Sprauve said. Of all accounts in collections, only about 10 percent are paid off, he said.

Reference:

Breast Cancer Wariness: 

Half Pursued by Debt CollectorsBreast Cancer Wariness: Half Pursued by Debt Collectors:  

Is it Physician burnout or Moral Injury ?

As an emergency physician and former Harvard faculty, Dr. Kevin Ban has always been fascinated with the connections that bind clinicians to their patients and to each other (and their community). We talk about restoring these connections in Health 3.0.

Go4Life | from the National Institute on Aging at NIH

Experts say that strength, endurance, and flexibility are the three factors for staying fit

How Exercise Helps                 

Sample Workouts: Getting Fit for Life

                                         

                                                                            

   
Go4Life | from the National Institute on Aging at NIH: Go4Life is the exercise and physical activity campaign from the National Institute on Aging at NIH. Find exercises to do, safety tips, and ways to be motivated!

What Makes a Physician take their own life ?

http://www.idealmedicalcare.org/contact/

 
During Suicide Awareness Week, I hosted a free two-day retreat in NYC (in collaboration with Emmy-winner Robyn Symon’s preview of her award-winning film, Do No Harm—sold out both nights at Angelika Film Center’s largest theater). Nearly 500 physicians (from as far as Hawaii and Alaska) joined in activities on September 12 & 13—from afternoon empowerment sessions to evening receptions and open mic until 2:00 am where doctors shared their suicide attempts openly. For many the most poignant moment was the Manhattan Memorial March to the site where one of medicine’s pioneers died by suicide earlier this year. At the location of her death, I delivered this eulogy to the countless doctors we’ve lost to suicide (fully transcribed & mildly edited for clarity).

Eulogy to 10,000 Doctors

Physician Suicide Letters

Many more residents and physicians shared their suicide attempts. I chose not to publish their accounts without permission. Please know that suicide is an epidemic among medical professionals. Start the conversation about doctor suicide at your medical institution. Please contact Robyn Symon to screen Do No Harm—the film that exposes causes and reveals solutions to the doctor suicide crisis.

As we walked away from the memorial we experienced an unexpected surprise..

                  

                    Cheering and applause from resident physicians at Starbucks!

                       Why “happy” doctors die by suicide

He was the go-to sports guy in Washington, DC. A masterful surgeon with countless academic publications, he trained orthopaedic surgeons across the world and was the top physician for professional sports teams and Olympians.

Dr. Benjamin Shaffer had it all.

Yet Ben was more than a stellar surgeon. He was a kind, sweet, brilliant, and sensitive soul who could relate to anyone—from inner city children to Supreme Court justices. He was gorgeous and magnetic with a sense of humor and a zest for life that was contagious. Most of all, he loved helping people. Patients came to him in pain and left his office laughing. They called him “Dr. Smiles.”

Ben was at the top of his game when he ended his life. So why did he die?

High doctor suicide rates have been reported since 1858 (1). Yet 160 years later the root causes of these suicides remain unaddressed. Physician suicide is a global public health crisis. More than one million Americans lose their doctors each year to suicide—just in the US (2). Many doctors have lost several colleagues to suicide. One doctor told me he lost eight physicians during his career with no chance to grieve.

Of these 1,013 suicides, 888 are physicians and 125 are medical students. The majority (867) are in the USA and 146 are international. Surgeons have the greatest number of suicides on my registry, then anesthesiologists. (3)

 NEED TO TALK ?

Ref:  Pamela Wible, M.D.  Thanks to her commitment and dedication there is hope.

How to Save Primary Care and Family Practice.

An absolutely amazing discussion of how to transform primary care medicine, and how to stop the “moral injury” of doctors that causes them to burnout and leave the profession.

The enclosed video is supplied by ZdoggMD, a well known vlogger. The discussion with Dr. John Bender is excellent, discussing Direct Primary Care, fee for service, and the impact of increasing regulation. He discusses the credibility of current quality measures by various insurance companies, medicare and other standards organizations.

Dr. Bender estimates the administrative load requires 40 hours of time per day, which is not achievable.

How To Save Primary Care (w/Dr. John Bender) | Incident Report 185

John Bender presents an articulate description of the current state of health finance. As a member of Doctors for Patient Care he presents an alternative method for affordable health care. Currently there are formidable barriers imposed by CMS which are encouraged by myths propagated by the insurance industry.

Some comments from viewers of the video,

Knowrain Knowrainbows

Placing patient care and improved outcomes first? Incorporating a holistic approach beginning with the “primary” (care) provider? Encouraging stronger and better client/patient - healthcare provider relationships? Promoting fiscal stewardship? Striving toward excellence in quality outcomes? Developing a healthcare model which is attractive and beneficial to patients, employers, insurance companies, facilities, communities AND the healthcare providers (primary as well as specialty)? Radically exceptional! As a RN with 40 years of “practice” in a variety of clinical settings, including mental health, I thank you for having already demonstrated the new model’s feasibility ... “Change for the better” ... It’s just what the doctor ordered! Hugzzz!

The Hidden Secret: New Film 'Pulls Back Curtain' on Physician Suicide |

New Film 'Pulls Back Curtain' on Physician Suicide

And doctors, med students march for victims for National 

Suicide Prevention Week

 Nearly 200 clinicians, residents, and patients filled the Angelika Film Center here on Wednesday for a screening of "Do No Harm," a documentary on the national suicide crisis among physicians, who kill themselves at a rate twice the national average.

And on Thursday, hosted by the film's director, Robyn Symon, and physician suicide prevention advocate Pamela Wible, MD, a group of physicians, residents, and students gathered at the Watson Hotel here and marched to Mount Sinai Hospital in honor of doctors lost to suicide.

"Do No Harm" largely follows two families -- the Dietls and Mechams -- facing the consequences of the pressure-filled and stress-inducing demands of medical education, training, and practice, which leads an estimated 300 to 400 physicians to take their own lives each year.

"I believe this is the first film to pull back the curtain on the toxic medical culture that doctors have been trapped in for decades, but have been too disempowered to speak out on because of the fear of consequences to their career," Symon told MedPage Today. "The goal of this film is to open a dialogue because dialogue is the first step to change."

In the film, Hawkins Mecham, DO, attests to the unrealistic hours expected of residents, the highly competitive nature of medical programs, and his immense fear of making a mistake and losing it all. Eventually these factors -- along with the pressure of being hundreds of thousands of dollars in debt -- caused him to be stuck in what he described as a "tunnel vision," where in seeking a way out during his fourth year of residency, he made an attempt on his life.

During a panel discussion following the screening that featured Symon and Wible, as well as John and Michele Dietl (who lost their son Kevin to suicide 3 months before he would have graduated from medical school), Mecham described the path that led him there.

"I finally got to my first rotation of my fourth year and it hit me when I started getting interview requests and realized, just to be able to attend interviews, I had to take out private loans because I'd already maxed out my federal loans," he said. "It overwhelmed me among other things, and got to the point where I thought it wasn't worth it. The only way to erase this for [my family] was for me to die. That was part of my thought process in my spiral downwards."

Mecham got in touch with Wible, who connected him with the Dietls. The parallels between Kevin and Mecham gave John and Michele Dietl an opportunity to heal, allowing them to ask Mecham questions they were no longer able to ask their son. Namely, why?

"When we started doing this film I was very hesitant because I was afraid of Kevin's legacy -- what would he think of everyone in the world knowing what happened to him?" Michele Dietl said at the panel. "I want these students to know from a younger age: Get help. Don't wait until it's a crisis situation and you're ready to kill yourself because you think you're trapped and you have all this debt and you're never going to be able to get your license. I hope he'd be proud of us and not ashamed."

Also on the panel were Thomas Madejski, MD, president of the Medical Society of the State of New York (MSSNY), and Michael Myers, MD, author of "Why Physicians Die by Suicide: Lessons Learned From Their Families and Others Who Cared."

When asked what the MSSNY is doing to help alleviate some of the stressors physicians face, Madejski cited the Physician Wellness and Resilience task force, which his predecessor Charles Rothberg, MD, created, as well as a collective negotiation bill they are working to pass. Additionally, he hopes to increase the number of physician-led health systems.

"Do No Harm" will be shown throughout 2018-2019 at various locations.

If you or your organization would like to sponsor these events, please contact 

Robyn Simon, Producer. email 

Due to a technical error this blog post may not display properly.



New Film 'Pulls Back Curtain' on Physician Suicide | Medpage Today: And doctors, med students march for victims for National Suicide Prevention Week

An 'epidemic of nicotine addiction' among kids prompts FDA to get tough on e-cigarette makers

An 'epidemic of nicotine addiction' among kids prompts FDA to get tough on e-cigarette makers: Responding to an “epidemic of nicotine addiction” among American youths, the FDA announced a comprehensive crackdown on e-cigarette manufacturers, directing the industry’s giants to draw up detailed plans for halting sales to minors and threatening to pull a wide range or products from the market.

In response to a nationwide undercover investigation of brick-and-mortar and online stores over the summer, the FDA levied civil fines ranging from $279 to $11,182 on e-cigarette retailers found to have sold their products to minors and issued more than 1,300 warning letters.

What’s more, Gottlieb said the vaping industry appears to have turned a blind eye to the online practice of “straw purchasing” by retailers and individuals intent on buying vaping products and reselling them to minors.

The agency also ordered 12 online retailers to halt their continued marketing of e-liquids resembling kid-friendly products like candy and cookies. Although the FDA had acted in May to limit the sale of such products, they were still being offered, with the offending labeling and advertising, by the 12 online retailers, several of whom were also cited for sales to minors.

The new enforcement actions mark the start of a “sustained campaign to monitor, penalize and prevent e-cigarette sales in convenience stores and other retail sites” to minors, Gottlieb said. He promised, too, that the FDA would be keeping close tabs on manufacturers’ own internet storefronts and distribution practices to detect sales to minors.

“The FDA has at its disposal both civil and criminal remedies to address demonstrated violations of the law,” he said.

The actions were greeted with defiance and derision from the vaping industry.

“Thousands of small-business vape shops across America do not engage in irresponsible marketing practices and don't even sell the products being targeted by the FDA with threatening letters,” said Gregory Conley, president of the American Vaping Assn., a nonprofit organization that advocates for what it calls sensible regulation.

Inspired By Wine Uncorking Demo, Car Mechanic Invents Device For Difficult Childbirth

Whatever Happened To ... The Car Mechanic Who Invented A Device To Pop Out A Baby?

Jorge Odón, inventor of the Odón Device — described in a past NPR story as a tool for "popping a baby out like a cork."

Pearl Mak/NPR

Back in 2006, Jorge Odon was a 52-year-old mechanic who ran an automobile alignment and wheel balancing service center in Lanus, Argentina, a city just south of Buenos Aires. On the side, he liked to tinker around with car-related inventions in his garage.  One day, very different inspiration struck after watching two employees compete to get a loose cork out of the bottom of a wine bottle using a technique they'd seen on YouTube.

It's just a few steps: Insert the closed end of a plastic bag into a bottle, tilt the bottle until the cork is touching the bag and blow into the open end of the bag. The bag will inflate like a balloon and envelop the cork. Then give the plastic bag a hard tug. The bag and the cork should come out together.  And this random idea popped into Odon's head: He wondered, could you use a similar method to help women having complications in labor? A bag could wrap around the baby's head, and voila, out comes the kid.

Uncorking the baby

“Many inventions get to the prototype stage, but that’s maybe 15 percent of what needs to be done,” Mr. Cohen said. “There’s finalizing the design for manufacture, quality control, the regulatory work and clinical studies. Absent that, they don’t see the light of day.”

So far, the device has been safety-tested only on 30 Argentine women, all of whom were in hospitals, had given birth before and were in normal labor.

The W.H.O. will now oversee tests on 100 more women in normal labor in China, Indiaand South Africa, and then on 170 women in obstructed labor.

Odon device for instrumental vaginal deliveries: results of a medical device pilot clinical study

Feasibility and safety study of a new device (Odón device) for assisted vaginal deliveries: study protocol

Odon device for instrumental vaginal deliveries: results of a medical device pilot clinical study.

RESULTS:

Of the 49 women enrolled, the Odon device was inserted successfully in 46 (93%), and successful Odon device delivery as defined above was achieved in 35 (71%) women. Vaginal, first and second degree perineal tears occurred in 29 (59%) women. Four women had cervical tears. No third or fourth degree perineal tears were observed. All neonates were born alive and vigorous. No adverse maternal or infant outcomes were observed at 6-weeks follow-up for all dyads, and at 1 year for the first 30 dyads.

CONCLUSIONS:

Delivery using the Odon device is feasible. Observed genital tears could be due to the device or the process of delivery and assessment bias. Evaluating the effectiveness and safety of the further developed prototype of the BD Odon Device™ will require a randomized-controlled trial.

Inspired By Wine Uncorking Demo, Car Mechanic Invents Device For Difficult Childbirth : Goats and Soda : NPR

The Tapeworm of Health Care

When Amazon, Berkshire Hathaway, and JP Morgan (AmBerGan) announced their health care partnership, Berkshire CEO Warren Buffett declared “the ballooning costs of health care act as a hungry tapeworm on the American economy.”  He is right. Our broken system is infested with tapeworms. Tapeworms are parasites; they exploit their hosts, drain resources, and suck the life out of their prey. Unfortunately, Buffet failed to call attention to the tapeworms specifically; they are insurers, hospital conglomerates, pharmaceutical companies, and pharmacy benefit managers.

As health care costs continue to skyrocket, Americans increasingly find themselves struggling to make ends meet. Direct primary care (DPC) is a tapeworm-free medical concept whereby: 1) a periodic fee is charged for comprehensive primary care services; 2) the arrangement is free from billing through third parties; and, 3) if additional fees are charged, those are less than the monthly fee.  Depending on age, fees range between $60-150 per month. Patients gain direct access to their physician coupled with unprecedented levels of affordability.

DPC physicians provide protracted office visits, after-hours appointments for emergencies, and occasionally, even home visits. DPC practices can dispense chronic medications at wholesale prices, perform basic procedures in-office, and when outside testing is necessary, these physicians can negotiate discounted “cash” prices on behalf of their patients.  This model goes a long way toward restoring the sacred relationship between a patient and their physician. It is no wonder patients are leaving the health care system in droves.

The last obstacle facing expansion of the DPC practice model is their misclassification as an “insurance” product rather than a “health care” entity. Legislation, known as the Primary Care Enhancement Act, already exists to repair this mistake and has 29 cosponsors. H.R. 365/ S.R.1358 would allow for two things: 1) Taxpayers participating in a DPC arrangement may qualify for an HSA plan; and, 2) HSA funds could be used for monthly fees for a DPC arrangement. According to the Moran Company, this legislation is nearly “deficit neutral.”

Why has this legislation floundered? Because corporate interests, like those of the Amazon group and CVS-Aetna, have left Congress a little dazed and confused. Enter capitated primary care (CPC) from stage left, an entirely different medical practice model, where a pre-negotiated rate is paid monthly by a third party for unlimited primary care services. This model welcomes the third-party back with open arms.

To make things more confusing, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) jumped on the DPC bandwagon by introducing a “direct primary care prototype,” is anything but direct primary care. The CMS concept requires physician enrollment in Medicare and submission of patient data to receive capitated payments of $90 to 120 per month. This innovative model is certainly intriguing, but is another example of capitation, not DPC. Data on capitated payment for health care services is equivocal at best, an indication that cost containment is difficult to achieve with third party involvement.

Following CMS footsteps, the Amazon group hired Martin Levine, MD, a geriatrician formerly of Iora Health, a Boston-based CPC entity focused on providing comprehensive services for the over-65 crowd, indicating they may be intrigued by the CPC model as well. Corporate entities should not lose sight of the fact that Qliance and Turntable Health went bankrupt last year after offering team-based CPC services to the masses.

Tapeworms represent third parties who have ingratiated themselves into the patient-physician relationship in the interest of the almighty dollar. As the distance has grown between patients and physicians, costs have spiraled out of control. By inviting extra layers of bureaucracy, CMS and other corporations are essentially slapping lipstick on the tapeworm and trying to make CPC look as attractive as Direct Primary Care, but that is an illusion. Cost-containment can only be achieved by bringing the patient and physician in closer proximity and eliminating the tapeworm infestation currently sucking the life out of the health care system.

Niran S. Al-Agba is a pediatrician who blogs at MommyDoc. This article originally appeared in the Health Care Blog.

KevinMD Medical Blog

Direct Primary Care Coalition

Medical board releases physician license alert app for patients

The Medical Board of California recently released its first mobile app, currently available on Apple iOS devices. The technology notifies patients about changes to their physician’s license status,

The Medical Board of California recently released its first mobile app, currently available on Apple iOS devices. The technology notifies patients about changes to their physician’s license status, rather than patients having to actively seek out that information.

Physician profiles have long been available to the public on the board’s website.  The new app will notify users when their physician’s license is updated or there are changes to the physician’s address, practice status, specialty, disciplinary actions and much more.

The California Medical Association (CMA) has long advocated for a comprehensive, effective and well-functioning regulatory process for physicians. CMA believes this new app will make it easier for patients to choose their health care practitioner.  It also has the potential to increase transparency and improve patient trust and quality of care.

For more information on the app, visit the board’s iOS App webpage.  Users can download the app by visiting the Apple Store and searching for “Medical Board of California.”  A version for Android devices will be available in the near future.

CMA encourages physicians to periodically check their profiles for accuracy and to advise the board of any corrections, especially their addresses of record.  The Board cautions physicians about using their home address as their address of record, however, because it becomes widely available on the Internet.

Medical board releases physician license alert app for patients:

How California hopes to halt the revolving door to the ER

The state budget that kicked in last month devotes more than $100 billion to Medi-Cal, California’s health system for the poor. The bulk of that money will be spent on a tiny fraction of patients. And although they’re in need of help, they’re not the sickest people.

Inappropriate use of the ER falls into two main categories, said Jacey Cooper, an assistant deputy director at the state Department of Health Care Services, which oversees Medi-Cal and the pilot programs. Some patients don’t need emergency care and use the ER like they’re visiting a friend. Some have a genuine emergency, often because they’ve delayed care of a problem or illness until it reached a crisis. At that point, it’s difficult to treat—and more expensive.

Many such patients are homeless, Cooper said. “They have no circle of support; they often have mental health issues or substance use problems.”

Cooper said some counties in the pilot program reach people as they’re released from jail, assigning them a care manager because they’re at high risk for homelessness, drug abuse and frequent use of the health system. And someplace a health professional in the ER to find and coordinate care for high users. It can be easy to identify them there, because personnel may greet them by name, she said.  

That was the case for   *******  , a former Illumination Foundation resident who now lives in Riverside. “I was in the ER all the time,” Miller says.   She’s sitting in the dining area of her small apartment, her perky Australian terrier-mix dog in her lap. She’s been sober for nine months—and counting. But in 2015 and 2016, she went to the ER regularly for episodes of severe depression, and for nerve pain so bad she couldn’t walk, which she attributed to drinking. She went several times after falls, which she said were due to lost consciousness after drug use.

“And one time I went to the ER just because I didn’t want to sleep on the street,” she says, laughing now. “I don’t remember what I told them was wrong with me. But I just wanted a bed to sleep in.”   Homelessness contributes greatly to unneeded ER visits.

Treatment of her physical and psychological problems, along with help obtaining county and state services after she transferred to an Illumination Foundation center, have helped turn her life around. She used to teach at community colleges and hopes to get back to the classroom soon.

How California hopes to halt the revolving door to the ER | CALmatters: More than half the state’s health care budget will be spent on just 5 percent of its patients—and they’re not the sickest people. Officials are staging an intervention.