Advanced Treatments for Refractory Treatment of Epilepsy

Advances in epilepsy diagnostics, and treatment return man to quality of life

For years, Eric Walthall of Woodville, Wisconsin, experienced more than 100 debilitating epileptic seizures a month. For more than 20 years, he couldn’t drive. He stopped attending many of his sons' activities because he feared a seizure would cause him to lose consciousness. He separated his shoulder twice and hit his head because seizures caused him to fall.

"I couldn't get through life much more," says Eric, now 53, who was diagnosed with epilepsy at 16. He had tried several medications and procedures, seeking care in five different states, with limited success over more than 30 years.

Still, when Eric came to Mayo Clinic in 2021, he had hope. "I knew Mayo was going to knock it out of the park," says Eric, who is seizure-free after extensive evaluation and eventual surgery.

Eric's complicated case was reported in Epilepsy & Behavior Reports. His treatment included radiofrequency ablation with high electrical current guided by stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), which uses electrodes placed directly into Eric's brain to find where seizures originate.

Treatment options continue to expand

"Mr. Walthall's case was extraordinarily complex and required close teamwork from a multidisciplinary team," says Brian Lundstrom, M.D., Ph.D., Mayo Clinic neurologist and senior researcher on the report. "Fortunately, combined with recent advanced approaches, we were able to find and treat a specific area of Mr. Walthall's brain and control his seizures.”

Epilepsy affects about 50 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. For about a third of people with epilepsy, seizures persist despite use of medication. For some people, surgery to remove brain tissue where their seizures originate is not an option because of the potential risk to brain areas that control speech and movement.

Before coming to Mayo, Eric had tried various epilepsy treatments. He tried two neurostimulation devices that were implanted and ultimately removed — a vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) device and a responsive neurostimulation (RNS) device. While many patients have had success controlling seizures with neurostimulation devices, Eric did not.

He also had undergone extensive evaluations at other medical institutions. Eric's Mayo team incorporated a wide array of data from these previous tests. "It was critical for us to fully incorporate previous data into our current approaches to optimize seizure control for Mr. Walthall and minimize risk to his speech and motor functions from surgery," Dr. Lundstrom says.

Complicated epilepsy case

Kai Miller, M.D., Ph.D., Mayo Clinic neurosurgeon, used SEEG — temporarily putting small electrodes directly into Eric's brain to find the origin of Eric's seizures and help plan personalized treatment options. The Mayo Epilepsy team read the electrical changes in Eric's brain while he was being monitored in the hospital, narrowing the seizures' origin to a specific region of the brain.

Brain mapping of seizure activity

Then, using the same temporary electrodes, Dr. Miller used a high electrical current called radiofrequency ablation to treat the brain area that the team identified. For some people, radiofrequency ablation will stop the seizures. But if it doesn’t, surgery still may be performed with no additional risk.

For Eric, the radiofrequency ablation treatment helped temporarily, and this was crucial in confirming the location in his brain for further surgery. He did go on to have surgery to remove part of his brain tissue where seizures were originating.

"Radiofrequency ablation allowed us to test the effect of disrupting the brain region where we believed the seizures were starting from, using electrodes that were already in place," Dr. Miller says. "The ablation gave us information to help weigh the benefits and risks of removing brain tissue in an open surgery; we always must balance the likelihood of a cure against possible risks of surgery. I'm thrilled that Eric's seizures have stopped and he's back to enjoying an active life."

Brain mapping

New technology has improved even traditional surgery for epilepsy. During the operation, Eric was awake, which allowed innovative brain mapping — using a Mayo-developed software tool — to ensure the surgery was as precise as could be to help preserve important brain functions, including language and movement.

In the operating room, Dr. Miller stimulated Eric's brain directly. Eric could speak with Dr. Miller and Eva Alden, Ph.D., a Mayo Clinic neuropsychologist, who administered tests to Eric and compared Eric’s presurgery responses to his abilities during the surgery.

"By assessing and monitoring Eric's responses during surgery, I could provide real-time feedback about his cognitive performance," Dr. Alden says. "This helped Dr. Miller gauge whether it was safe to continue operating in that part of the brain, or whether removing it could potentially result in a functional deficit of language or movement."

Eric recovered in the hospital for a week and had speech and occupational therapy.

'This is a blessing now

Today, Eric is back to driving. He and his wife, Melissa — Eric's chauffeur for years — are figuring out their new normal. Eric was able to take a trip to Canada last fall with his hunting buddies. He returned to downhill skiing, a hobby he had given up. Most importantly, he's able to enjoy family time, in the stands at his younger son's high school basketball games or visiting his older son in college.

"There was a lot of emotional pain and suffering, missing out over the years," says Eric, adding, "This is a blessing now. I give all the credit for my healing to my faith in God and the support of my family and friends and doctors."

For Eric, seeing someone else experience a seizure inspired him to share his story. Once, in a patient reception area, he saw a young girl convulse with a seizure. "Boom, she had one. My eyes welled up. I thought, 'If I ever get better, I want to be an ambassador to show what's possible.'"

The realm of what's possible for patients with epilepsy continues to expand, notes Dr. Lundstrom. Including RNS and VNS, there are other forms of stimulation including noninvasive stimulation and deep brain stimulation for epilepsy. In addition to radiofrequency ablation, there are minimally invasive lasers and guided ultrasound treatment. New research includes studies to predict seizures using wearables, like a smartwatch.

"From a research perspective, it is very exciting to see new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches developed every year," Dr. Lundstrom says. "Even better, though, is to see the difference they can make in a patient's life."

How Artificial Intelligence such as ChatGPT will aid in Cancer Treatments

This content was generated by ChatGPT4

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the prognosis for cancer has shown great promise in improving the management of cancer patients. AI techniques, such as machine learning and deep learning, have the potential to analyze large amounts of data derived from multi-omics analyses and assist in decision-making processes related to cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment [[1](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-021-01633-1)][[3](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31830558/)].

AI in precision oncology is transforming the current approach by integrating data from various sources, including genomics, imaging, and clinical information. These techniques enable the identification of patterns and interactions that may be difficult to detect through traditional methods [[1](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-021-01633-1)]. Radiomics, a field within AI, focuses on extracting quantitative features from medical images, such as CT scans and MRI, to create predictive models for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Radiomics-based AI models have shown promise in predicting cancer outcomes and guiding treatment decisions [[2](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41571-021-00560-7)].

By leveraging AI algorithms, researchers and clinicians can develop predictive models that consider multiple factors and biomarkers, providing a more accurate prognosis for cancer patients. These models can help in assessing disease progression, determining the risk of recurrence, and guiding personalized treatment plans [[3](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31830558/)].

Some specific applications of AI in cancer prognosis include:

1. Cancer Detection and Screening: AI algorithms can assist in the detection of cancer by analyzing medical imaging data. Deep learning models have demonstrated high accuracy in detecting lung nodules in chest radiographs [[2](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41571-021-00560-7)]. AI-based screening systems have also been evaluated for breast cancer screening, showing potential in improving detection rates [[2](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41571-021-00560-7)].

2. Prognostic Prediction: AI models can help predict the prognosis of cancer patients by analyzing various clinical and molecular features. These models take into account factors such as tumor characteristics, genomic profiles, and clinical data to estimate the likelihood of disease progression and overall survival [[1](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41416-021-01633-1)][[3](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31830558/)].

3. Treatment Response Assessment: AI techniques can aid in assessing treatment response and distinguishing between true disease progression and pseudoprogression (an imaging phenomenon that mimics tumor growth). This information can guide treatment decisions and prevent unnecessary interventions [[2](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41571-021-00560-7)].

While AI shows great potential in improving cancer prognosis, there are challenges to be addressed. The development and validation of robust AI models require large and diverse datasets, access to high-quality data, and careful consideration of ethical and regulatory aspects. Integration of AI into clinical practice also requires careful validation, standardization, and ongoing refinement to ensure its reliability and effectiveness [[3](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31830558/)].

In conclusion, the use of AI in prognosis for cancer holds promise for improving patient outcomes. AI techniques, such as machine learning and deep learning, can analyze complex data sets and provide valuable insights for personalized treatment strategies. Continued research and development in this field have the potential to revolutionize cancer care and enhance the accuracy of prognosis prediction in the future.

Medical Freedom Panel 2023 - Senator Mastriano- State of Pennsylvania

The. legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania wants to pass a "Medical Freedom Act". Currently, eleven states have passed “safe harbor” practitioner exemption laws in some form, including Minnesota, Rhode Island, California, Louisiana, Idaho, Oklahoma, Arizona (for homeopaths), New Mexico, Colorado, Nevada, and, most recently, Maine.

The committee had a hearing which included several patients and medical experts to testify about Covid19 and the Federal and employer mandates regarding COVID vaccination in regard to work, airline travel, and in public spaces.

The testimony is documented in the video HERE.

On June 9, 2023,  Senator Mastriano of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives sponsored a hearing in which Peter McCullough, MD MPH testified with compelling information before the committee.  At the outset (2021) of the pandemic, Dr. McCullough was widely criticized as a right-wing anti-vaxxer. Despite his legitimate medical and academic career, he was lumped in with all other COVID non-experts.

Time has shown critics were wrong.

The topic of the hearing was the illegal mandate for vaccinations using an unproven and non-approved vaccine. Testimony from several patients who were victims of the adverse events from mRNA vaccines.  Citizens were denied employment, refused entry into public spaces, and forced to wear masks (which has been shown not to decrease the spread of viral particles.

Readers of my substack should watch this video

Dr. McCullough’s testimony is clear and concise and deconstructs the enormous amounts of unproven data regarding COVID.

There is a clear paper trail for support by the NIH in a gain of function research for SARS-COVID dating back to the 1970s.  The virus was studied at the Wuhan Viral Laboratory in a level 4 biohazard facility. Their study was clearly funded by the NIH, Francis Collins, and Anthony Fauci.  In essence, COVID-19 was produced by the United States and you, the taxpayer.  IT WAS NOT A CHINESE VIRUS.  The Federal government knew that developing biomedical weapons was outlawed by international law and sought to disguise it by offshoring the project yet underwriting its activities.

During a state of crisis, largely induced by media coverage and support by the CDC, vaccines were rushed into production using a technique named mRNA to produce a ‘spike protein’.  mRNA protein production was developed over a decade ago. However, it had never undergone controlled clinical trials (RCT). The metabolic pathway was poorly understood, nor was the biochemistry of its byproducts or detoxification path in humans. Protein spikes remain in the bloodstream for an unknown period. 

The Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Impairs Lipid Metabolism ...   Spike Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Induce Pathological ... - MDPI.    Adverse effects of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines

In addition to the immunogenic effect allowing viral particles entry into cells, the spike protein has intracellular effects and also persists for a lengthy period in circulation.  This effect is now demonstrated by the syndrome colloquially known as ‘Long Haul Covid’.

The United States has the highest death rate despite being a wealthy nation. Developing nations where vaccination rates were low or non-existent had low death rates from vaccination.  (This may be a statistical anomaly due to poor or nonexistent reporting.). 

Numerous experts have reported these outcomes but were suppressed until recently. Unfortunately, this has not been reported by major media sources that ignore new information.  My readers can find these sources through any internet search for “VAERS” The raw data about COVID vaccination  adverse reactions can be accessed HERE

Medical Freedom Panel 2023 - Senator Mastriano

‘Reckless in the Extreme’: FDA Panel Recommends New RSV Shot for Use in Healthy Infants • Children's Health Defense

Reckless in the Extreme’: FDA Panel Recommends New RSV Shot for Use in Healthy Infants

Advisors to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration on Thursday recommended approval of AstraZeneca’s new monoclonal antibody, which the drugmaker said is designed to protect infants and toddlers up to age 2 from respiratory syncytial virus, but medical experts interviewed by The Defender called the move “reckless” and “preposterous.”

RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) is a common respiratory virus that typically causes mild, cold-like symptoms in older children and adults. However, RSV can be more serious in infants, particularly those younger than six months old. In fact, RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis (inflammation of the small airways in the lungs) and pneumonia in infants.

The severity of RSV in infants can vary. Some infants may only experience mild symptoms, such as a runny nose, cough, and low-grade fever, similar to a common cold. However, in other cases, RSV can lead to more severe respiratory symptoms, including:

1. Rapid or difficult breathing: Infants may breathe rapidly, struggle to catch their breath, or show signs of labored breathing.

2. Wheezing: RSV can cause wheezing, which is a high-pitched whistling sound during breathing.

3. Cyanosis: Infants with severe RSV infection may develop a bluish coloration of the lips, face, or fingernails due to inadequate oxygen supply.

4. Poor feeding: Infants may have difficulty feeding or show a decrease in appetite due to breathing difficulties.

5. Dehydration: Severe RSV infection can lead to dehydration if the infant is unable to take in enough fluids.

Certain factors can increase the risk of severe RSV infection in infants, including premature birth, a weakened immune system, and underlying medical conditions such as congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease.

If you suspect that your infant has RSV or is experiencing severe respiratory symptoms, it's essential to seek medical attention promptly. Healthcare professionals can evaluate the severity of the infection, provide supportive care, and monitor the infant's breathing and overall condition. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for infants with significant breathing difficulties or dehydration.

Prevention is also crucial in reducing the risk of RSV in infants. Practicing good hand hygiene, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and keeping infants away from crowded places during the RSV season (typically fall and winter in temperate climates) can help minimize the risk of infection. Additionally, certain high-risk infants may be eligible for palivizumab medication, which can provide temporary protection against severe RSV disease. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if your infant is a candidate for this preventive treatment.

Remember, if you have concerns about your infant's health or suspect RSV, it's always best to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

Here we go again !  99% of infants who contract RSV have cold-like signs and symptoms. 

Advisors to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Thursday recommended approval of AstraZeneca’s new monoclonal antibody, which the drugmaker said is designed to protect infants and toddlers up to age 2 from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Monoclonal antibodies are not vaccines and do not give long-lasting immunity, but only last as long as t he synthetic antibody is present.  The titers decrease rapidly and must be given annually

The drug, nirsevimab, would be delivered to newborns in a single shot at birth or “just before the start of a baby’s first RSV season, or as a larger dose in a second RSV season in children who are highly vulnerable,” CNN reported.

Here lies another COVID scenario, overreacting to a perceived nonexistent threat.

Common sense on the part of pediatricians should make this 'shot' unnecessary in almost all cases. Some children with serious pulmonary problems, such as cystic fibrosis, would be suitable for this prophylactic drug.

But medical experts interviewed by The Defender raised a number of concerns, including what they said was inadequate safety testing.

“It’s preposterous to give this drug prophylactically, especially without adequate safety testing,” said Brian Hooker, Ph.D., P.E., senior director of science and research for Children’s Health Defense (CHD).

AstraZeneca reported only 48% efficacy for the drug. And Hooker noted that the “circulating half-life of the antibodies is probably less than one month, so the protection would be minimal at best.”

Hooker also commented on the fact that 12 infant deaths were recorded during the clinical trial, which the FDA committee claimed were “unrelated” to the antibody:

“It appears that this vote was meant to bolster the uptake and popularity of the RSV vaccines that are now approved for maternal use. The very low rate of effectiveness for such a therapy is troubling as the conservative estimate is below 50%, which is usually a hard metric for drug approval.

“Also, it seems odd that four infants in the trial would die of cardiac arrest — with no information given, it leaves one to wonder why these children would die in such a way. Also, there should be further investigation into the two SIDS [sudden infant death syndrome] deaths that occurred during the trial.”

Since the monoclonal AB

‘Reckless in the Extreme’: FDA Panel Recommends New RSV Shot for Use in Healthy Infants • Children's Health Defense

This is the Waste from a Surgery

 Hospitals produce an enormous amount of waste.  Much of it is a biological hazard from infectious diseases, blood products, and as a result of operations.

Most Hospital waste cannot be recycled or reused due to concerns for sterility. At one time, many hospital drapes were cloth and could be reused. Most surgical instruments can be reused except for some unique instruments.  As time has passed, more and more instruments are disposable and can be used only once.

Surgical gloves cannot be reused or recycled, nor can plastic drapes, for the same reasons.

These items are not only used in the operating room but also on the hospital floors and rooms. IV containers are made of polyvinyl.  At one time, glass was used for transfusions.

There is a downside to using reusable items in terms of labor, cleaning, and sterilizing items. This becomes expensive in terms of time and personnel.

Hospital and Medical Waste are divided into Regulated and Non-Regulated. Hospitals usually contract with a Medical Waste Provider.  States such as California identify wastes and how they must be processed.

A hospital would need to perform an evaluation and cost analysis to determine if it would be a cost advantage.  Hospitals have lean operating margins and may have found that waste management depends upon disposable products that are an adverse effect on the environment. 

Pfizer and Moderna are Circling the Wagons

New York-based Promosome filed separate lawsuits against Moderna and Pfizer, accusing both companies of violating patent protections related to mRNA technology.

In the filings submitted to the Southern District Court of California, Promosome claims that in 2009 company-affiliated scientists “discovered a method for increasing protein expression by making small changes to the mRNA that could affect the amount of protein produced without altering the amino acid sequence encoded by the mRNA.” The technology is based on the discoveries of Promosome CSO Dr. Vincent P. Mauro and the late Nobel Laureate Dr. Gerald M. Edelman of The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) in La Jolla, California. Leveraging their expertise in the area of mRNA translation resulted in pioneering technologies that Promosome licenses to companies seeking to improve biotherapeutic and bio-industrial protein expression.

COVID Patent Lawsuits

Promosome’s Tuesday filings are the latest in the intellectual property battle over COVID-19 vaccines. n April 2023, Arbutus Biopharma sued Pfizer and BioNTech, alleging that their coronavirus vaccine used proprietary lipid nanoparticle (LNP) technology protected by five patents. The lawsuit claims that the delivery system that Comirnaty uses could not have been produced without Arbutus’ technology.

Alnylam also filed patent infringement lawsuits against Pfizer and Moderna in March 2022, accusing both companies of formulating their vaccines using Alnylam’s proprietary LNP drug delivery technology. Massachusetts Biopharma is seeking “fair compensation” for this infringement.

Moderna and Pfizer are also locked in a legal tussle with each other. In August 2022, Moderna sued Pfizer and BioNTech, claiming that the companies “unlawfully copied Moderna’s inventions, and they have continued to use them without permission,” Shannon Thyme Klinger, chief legal officer of Moderna, said at the time.

Pfizer returned with a countersuit in December 2022, seeking to dismiss Moderna’s lawsuit.

Pfizer, Moderna, and Bionet reaped tremendous profits from research based on the discoveries of Promosome CSO Dr. Vincent P. Mauro and the late Nobel Laureate Dr. Gerald M. Edelman of The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) in La Jolla, California

This is only the beginning. in a tug of war as others pursue gains from Pfizer-Moderna.

In April 2023, Arbutus Biopharma sued Pfizer and BioNTech, alleging that their coronavirus vaccine used proprietary lipid nanoparticle (LNP) technology protected by five patents. The lawsuit claims that the delivery system that Comirnaty uses could not have been produced without Arbutus’ technology.

Pfizer and Moderna are Circling the Wagons

How to Reinvent your Health - by Gary Mark Levin

Peter Attia gives a holistic overview of why our health care is so broken. In the past decade, social determinants of health have become a part of the health record. This is a measure of societal impact on your life. Attia has noted when he travels the difference in societal stress from America. America ranks #35 in terms of our overall health, and #55 in terms of life expectancy.

Societal issues such as work/life balance, cooking more at home, eating out less (processed foods), and walking more, as seen in Europe all contribute to life expectancy.

One good measurement of health is longevity. The United States is not a winner in that regard. The only category we are number one in is our expense. From 1980 to 2019, Commonwealth Fund found that the U.S. spent nearly 17 percent on health care as a percentage of its gross domestic product (GDP). Other countries, like Switzerland, the U.K., Australia, Norway, and more, spent well below that but still earned higher healthcare performance scores. The forecast is not good. Our life expectancy is decreasing, and this was true pre-COVID.

Life expectancy has dropped: Why it matters

This chart is for the overall life expectancy for Americans, however, there are large deviations for some demographics.

Here are the states with the largest declines in life expectancy

The U.S. fares significantly worse than other developed countries, with the Commonwealth Fund finding Japan has an average life expectancy of 84.4 years, Spain and Switzerland at 84 years and Canada averaging 82.3 years.

The chart below is another view.

African Americans have consistently lagged in life expectancy although the gap is closing.

Economic Growth and Life Expectancy – Do Wealthier Countries Live Longer?

There are many determinants of longevity, and do not always correlate with income, or race. Nutrition and lifestyle are important as well.

Health expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) in selected countries

Prevention

Certain diseases can be detected, however, no one test detects early disease.

Breast Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Colon Cancer, and Prostate Cancer can be detected early.

Mental health issues are significant factors, depression, suicide, and risky behavior all contribute to premature death. There is little doubt smallpox, poliovirus and measles have been eliminated which has increased longevity in the past century.

There are many things in action that can contribute to improved quality of life and life expectation.

During the past decade, we have progressed from Health 2.0 and Health 3.0. Today we have entered Health 4.0. Despite rapid technological advances such as remote monitoring, electronic health records, and fewer uninsured our life expectancy has decreased. Peter Attia seems to have put all of it together and I hope my article can disseminate his words and a few of my own.

Medical 4.0 is the fourth medical revolution, employing emerging technologies to create significant advancements in healthcare. New medical 4.0 technology has advanced significantly, ranging from mobile computing to cloud computing, over the previous decade and is now ready to be employed as a commercially accessible, networked system. Such things as virtual reality, artificial intelligence, networked hospitals and medical clinics create huge data banks for analysis.

References:

Outlive, The Science and Art of Longevity (Peter Attia)

Amazon Books about Longevity

Measuring biological aging in humans: A quest Aging Cell. 2020 Feb; 19(2): e13080.Published online 2019 Dec 12. doi: 10.1111/acel.13080

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How to Reinvent your Health - by Gary Mark Levin